Stavropol area. A historical-geographical area from the Russian Federation located in the main part out-of Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban Lake (and you can Kuban part) into western, the fresh new Terek area to the the southern area of, this new Don part for the north, this new Kalmyk Independent Republic on northeast, in addition to places of the Caucasian slope individuals south and you may southwest. This new Stavropol part fundamentally corresponds within the area into the previous Stavropol gubernia (with its 18611920 border, 59,five-hundred sq km) together with later Stavropol krai, shorter the fresh new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,500 sq . kilometer).
Actual topography. The big portion of the Stavropol region is filled because of the Stavropol Upland; brand new lesser bit keeps components of brand new Caspian Lowland about eastern, brand new Kuma-Manych Anxiety on the northern, additionally the mountain tops of the Caucasus Slopes from the southwest. Brand new weather of the Stavropol region is actually transformation, from temperate continental throughout the west to more dry plus continental regarding the eastern. The larger of those include the Yegorlyk (which circulates into the Manych), brand new Kalaus, the newest Kuma, and Kuban and its higher tributaries, the latest Velykyi Zelenchuk as well as the Malyi Zelenchuk (get a hold of Zelenchuk streams). River-water is utilized for irrigation. Quick, mainly saline lakes are plentiful; the most significant is the slim however, 160-km-long River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless the located Stavropol region stayed sparsely inhabited because of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a Turkic-speaking anyone) and you will Kalmyk people (a great Mongol-speaking class), exactly who to one another designated from the 80,000
The new earth regarding the western and central area of the Stavropol region are various chernozems and chestnut earth; into east and northeast they getting white chestnut. The fresh sheer herbs also alter eastward that have declining humidity, regarding meadow fescuefeather lawn steppe so you can deceased fescuefeather yard steppe and semidesert herbs away from wormwood, inactive fescue, and feather turf. About a great deal more moist area of the Stavropol Upland as well as in new Caucasus mountain tops the fresh absolute flowers is tree-steppe that have pine-hornbeam-beech forests. Now the steppe plus the tree-steppe are almost entirely cleared having agriculture.
History. On the middle-16th century the fresh Caucasus while the Stavropol part began to come towards the contact with Muscovite colonization. Throughout the 16th and you may seventeenth years Subcaucasia educated the brand new origins off Cossack colonization (new Don Cossacks throughout the west together with Terek Cossacks from inside the the brand new east). Caucasian hill individuals, the fresh Karachai therefore the Cherkess, stayed in new hills of your part.
Early in new eighteenth century the Stavropol region nominally became part of the Russian Kingdom. Permanent agreements, although not, were not depending till the history quarter of your own century, when, inside 177780, the Russian authorities founded a line of forts, the brand new Mozdok-Azov line, with headquarters during the Stavropol, to secure the Caucasian mountain individuals. From the 1785 the new Stavropol part molded element of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated an effective gubernia within the 1802. Pursuing the numerous title changes it actually was designated due to the fact Stavropol gubernia inside the 1847. Their limitations was in fact eventually repaired inside the 1861, whether it is split of Terek oblast. Weighed against Kuban oblast and you will Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (just like the 1898) was not section of Caucasus krai.
Before 1930s brand new Stavropol region is compensated because of the one another Ukrainians and you may Russians, and you may constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
The fresh Russian government advertised the fresh fast colonization of Stavropol region so you can expose a base to own armed forces campaigns on Caucasus. Element of one aim is actually accomplished by the newest granting preference tracts away from residential property to help you Russian noblemen, which paid these with the serfs. A very high cause for colonization, but not, is brand new impulsive settlement because of the state peasants have been unimpeded by the latest central regulators. Actually new imperial regulators legalized extant claims toward ukase regarding 1804 and you will provided service to those that has settled inside the new Stavropol area. Towards the end of one’s 1850s the population out-of Stavropol gubernia got risen up to 340,000 (5.5 people for every sq kilometer). Their simply town, Stavropol, expanded from about step three,000 owners from inside the 1800 to help you 17,600 customers from inside the 1853. More heavily paid portion was basically the newest steppes between your Yegorlyk together with Kalaus streams in addition to Kalaus River area. The population off Stavropol gubernia (together with Terek oblast) during the 1853 consisted chaud Letton femmes of 48.7 % Cossacks, 32 per cent state peasants, 16.dos % nomadic herders, and you may step three.one percent serfs and others.